Moments Of History Jessica Miller, Fingerlakes Community...

Moments in History Jessica Miller Fingerlakes Community College History repeats itself but there are moments that shaped American History. Many events occurred over the years that have created the views and principles for American citizens. Looking back here a few instances of things that have made a lasting impact on our culture and lifestyle of today. This is a peek in on the beginning of some of the things we take for granted every day. The birth of America or the discovery of America was the first important moment in American History. Many refer to this moment as the discovery , but â€Å"North and South Americas already had native people whom lived on the coasts of the landâ€Å", according to (Foner.p 8). The first foreign countries to settle and steal the land away from the natives were Britain, Spain, and France. Britain claimed majority of the east coasts after thousands of immigrants and settlers crossed the Atlantic Ocean to escape religion, poverty, and looked from jobs. Several migrations occurred throughout history, but early se ttlement in the Americas later formed British thirteen colonies. The thirteen colonies started in Virginia and were divided into three regions, the Northern New England, Middle Colonies, and the Southern Colonies. The thirteen colonies consisted of; Pennsylvania, Georgia, New York, New Jersey, North and South Carolina, Rhode Island, Delaware, Connecticut, Maryland, New Hampshire, Massachusetts Bay, Virginia. Each of the

The Morality of Capital Punishment Essay - 2467 Words

The precise question at issue in this essay is the moral standing of capital punishment. Taking the teachings of the largest Christian denomination (Catholic) as a starting point, some say that the presentation of capital punishment in the Catechism of 1992 (#2266) differs surely in restrictiveness from the teaching of the Catechism of 1566. And that the revised Catechism of 1997 is even more restrictive. Leets examine these ane other aspects of the morality of capital punishment. The Catechism (1997) #2267 says, in part, ... the traditional teaching of the Church does not exclude recourse to the death penalty, if this is the only possible way of effectively defending human lives against the unjust aggressor....†¦show more content†¦The penalties for murder and manslaughter were legislated as norms for you and all your descendants, wherever you live (Nm 35:16-29). This is seen as Old Testament justice but that justice is sometimes tempered with mercy, prudence and even stated exceptions that are not so well remembered and rarely cited. For example, no one was to kill the murderer Cain: If anyone kills Cain, Cain shall be avenged sevenfold (Gn 4:15); and again, the great cry in Ezekiel: Answer them: As I live says the Lord God, I swear I take no pleasure in the death of the wicked man, but rather in the wicked mans conversion, that he may live. Turn, turn from your evil ways! (Ez 33:11). Few took the latter two citations as a restriction on the communitys right to execute a justly condemned criminal. The same proved true of the Lords reversal of the eye for an eye (life for life) (Mt 5:38): But I say to you, offer no resistance to one who is evil. When someone strikes you on your right cheek, turn the other one to him as well (Mt 5:39). More prominent among Christian writers was their recollection and invocation of St. Pauls defense of civil authority: for it (authority) is a servant of God for your good. But if you do evil, be afraid, for it does notShow MoreRelatedThe Morality Of Capital Punishment Essay1301 Words   |  6 Pages Playing God While researching about criminal justice, I came across a few online articles with very shocking statistics about our current legal systems on the issue of capital punishment. The following statistics vividly captured my attention, â€Å"from January 1, 1997, to December 31, 2000, 683 executions took place in 31 states†. Another statistic was that â€Å"1,188 people were executed in the US from 1977 through 2009†. From this figures, it came to my mind that 1,188 men, women, fathers, mothers,Read MoreDivergent Views Of Capital Punishment958 Words   |  4 PagesDivergent Views: Capital punishment as a Human Rights Issue According to the basic principles of global human rights; capital punishment or death penalty is a crime towards humanity and the most crucial and important human right, which is the right to life. As a result, any form of justification attached to it is not valid arguing on the basis of the human rights organization policies. In order to successfully argue out the topic of discussion, this section uses two antagonistic perceptions of theRead MoreTaking a Look at Capital Punishment764 Words   |  3 PagesDeath penalty is also known as capital punishment. Capital Punishment is a penalty of execution, administered to someone legally convicted of a capital crime. The death penalty was established in America in 1608. The British influenced America to use the death sentence. The first recorded practice of the death penalty in America was to Caption George Kendall in Virginia, he was found guilty of being a spy for Spain. However, the death penalty came long before Captain George Kendal l. The first establishedRead MoreCapital Punishment : A Form Of Legal Punishment Essay1672 Words   |  7 PagesCapital punishment implies that the criminal is sentenced to death as a punishment for their crimes. Prima facie, it appears to be the most just punishment and solution to crimes that demand such severity of punishment in proportion to the offense. However, the reason why it is a moot point and a debatable issue is because ethicists see both sides of the story and there are numerous ethical issues involved with institutionalizing capital punishment. To understand the debate on capital punishmentRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is Justified1143 Words   |  5 PagesObjective paper on the death penalty Capital punishment is legally authorized killing as punishment for a crime. The death penalty questions the morality of killing a person as justification for their crime. It also brings to question whether the death penalty actually serves as a deterrent for crime, and that some of the people executed are found innocent afterwards. The debates over the constitutionality of the death penalty and whether capital punishment should be used for retribution are alsoRead MoreEssay about The Debate Over Capital Punishment1141 Words   |  5 Pages The debate over capital punishment has been raging on for countless number of years. Capital punishment has been used for thousands of years due to the physiological fear it inflicts on the people who witness and learn about the death penalty. The use of this punishment has helped to reduce crime and alter the minds of future criminals to deter them against committing heinous crimes such as murder, treason, espionage, terrorism and in some cases aggravated kidnapping. Advocates say it deters crimeRead MoreThe Death Penalty Is A Valued Part Of Our Judicial System860 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Why I believe the death penalty is a valued part of our judicial system† Although the death penalty is opposed by many people, I believe capital punishment is a necessary and valued part of the judicial system for numerous reasons such as the ultimate warning message, the costs involved, and the morality of the punishment. The first reason that the death penalty is a valued part of our justice system is the notion that it serves as the ultimate warning message towards people considering crimesRead MoreThe Essence Of Life1368 Words   |  6 PagesShadi Jabbour Mr. Harless English.111.4238 10 April 2015 The Essence of Life Dated back to the earliest civilizations, Capital punishment, which recently is more referred to as the death penalty, has been used by authority to seek out judgement and maintain order against criminals in a society. In recent centuries, societies have tended toward more humane acts of capital punishment, compared to that of before where often a man would be tortured or disgraced before executions were at end. Society hasRead MoreCapital Punishment : An Unnecessary Practice1630 Words   |  7 PagesCapital Punishment: an Unnecessary Practice I. Introduction The debate of whether the capital punishment is morally and politically appropriate has historical origins. The practice of capital punishment in America started when British settlers discovered the new world and created the first American colonies. Despite of the practice of the death penalty being ancient, capitals crimes have changed over time. Throughout the eras, the abolitionist movement against the capital punishment has been presentRead MoreThe Debate Over Capital Punishment936 Words   |  4 Pages The debate over capital punishment is in regards to whether the death penalty contradicts the Eighth Amendment. If the death penalty does contradict the Eight Amendment, then the State should not have the power to sentence criminals to death for capital crimes. However, if capital punishment is not against the Eighth Amendment, then the State has the right to sentence criminals to death. In this essay I will first summarize Justice Brennan’s argument on why the death penalty is beyond the power

Learning a Second Language Free Essays

Learning a second language after using your native language all your life can truly frustrating and overwhelming at first. But as one begins to chip away at the language and begin to some understand words, these form a foundation or scaffold upon which you can understand more words, primarily in context. More words, more context and this then creates cycle that helps towards achieving fluency in the target or second language. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning a Second Language or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mei-Yu (1998) once said that in the acquisition of oral language, â€Å"young children are active agents†, constantly process the language inputs that they are constantly exposed to and define and refine them ways that makes sense to them on a personal level. Children create hypotheses or theories about language rules, constantly filtering these theories through active engagement or connections with the more competent language users in their immediate environment. Unconsciously, they learn to recognize contexts and begin acquiring fine discrimination in their use of a language. This means that for a second language learner, the best way to learn is through immersion in the language. Total immersion creates a â€Å"sink or swim† instinct within the individual. The need to communicate and express one’s self will supersede all barriers to learning, and the individual will learn the language because of the instinctive need to survive. Children are especially natural linguists, able to effortlessly discern language rules and allow then to learn as many languages as they are exposed to. (Alyousef, 2005) However, the older we get, these natural language processes are replaced by conscious awareness of rules, which hinders the learning of a new language. For adults, the process of learning through immersion may take longer than for adults, but the process of second language acquisition remains essentially the same, especially if there is total immersion in the target language. For individuals moving to a new land permanently, total immersion will not be a problem. The â€Å"sink or swim† concept is so very true in the learning of a second language, the language must be learned in order to survive in society, then it most certainly be learned, it will only be a matter of time. Indeed learning a new language is all about exposure, but in most cases, such is not possible. For most of us, we learn a second language through formal and conscious lessons in second language classes. For people who are learning a new language, the best way to do so is through a strategy. For adult learners, it is important to follow some guidelines in order to facilitate language learning. The first step would be is to make an honest assessment of your competencies in the target language; do you have some basic knowledge or none at all? The second step is to analyze the language being taught and recognize similarities between the two. Teachers should be the one to initiate this. Language teachers should recognize individual skills and competencies which can be used to scaffold the new concepts being learned.   Building upon prior knowledge or what one already knows or is already skilled at is the best way to learn something new. In terms of language learning, the important thing is to reinforce the prior knowledge and connect it with the target skill, regardless of the languages involved. Starting with what you know is the best way to attack second language learning. When an individual approaches a lesson armed with knowledge and skills they already have, they have more confidence in exploring the new language. It is also encouraging because it gives you a sense of success and accomplishment early on in the lesson, something which is very important to maintain student motivation. Following similarities and prior knowledge, then learning can shift to the differences in the two languages involved to allow them to distinguish one from the other. Using prior knowledge once again, the learners should be allowed to recognize these differences themselves.   (Alyousef, 2005, p.7) Prior knowledge is a learning strategy that second language learners must use so that they will not feel so powerless while learning a new language. For those learning a second language, it is also important for the individual to realize why they need to learn the target language. Motivation is a crucial element of learning; if the target language must be learned to make an individual functional in society, then this need will facilitate the learning. (Crystal, 1987) Once the similarities have been established and the differences distinguished between the two alphabets, then the next is to focus on reinforcing the target language’s alphabet system and how their sounds are produced, making occasional references to the alphabet of the native language. These references will reinforce the connections between the two languages and help the student in the learning process. This strategy is meant to make the third-grade students be comfortable with the target alphabet by relating them to their native alphabet. Eventually, such references to the native alphabet will be gradually eliminated. This way the students can be fluent in the second alphabet independent of the mother tongue. (Mora, 2002) Of course for people who have achieved a certain level of fluency in the target language, the next step is to improve pronunciation. Knowing how to speak in a second language will not be of much value if you cannot be understood because of how you say it. Pronunciation can be a barrier in communication, so being able to say words correctly is crucial. The good thing is that accent is very easy to neutralize. Speech production is universal and the mechanism is the same for all of us. As such, we can learn to produce old sounds in new ways, such as when we attempt to pronounce a word differently. (Mora, 2002) But it must also be said that training the tongue to say words in new ways takes discipline. It can also be frustrating at first, and success can only be achieved with constant practice and conscious effort. This conscious production is necessary so that we can train the articulators to change its speech production habits. After knowing how the target sound is produced, the key is to constantly apply it until the body remembers it on its own without any conscious control on our part. Initially feedback is necessary; we need to listen to how we make the sounds so that we can make the mechanical adaptations necessary to achieve the change. To address this, we can record ourselves and monitor our progress as we continue to practice. Hearing how we improve over time is inspiring and encouraging. After all is said and done, there is great satisfaction in not just being fluent in a second language, but also being able to say it properly and clearly. Indeed, when it comes to learning a new language, the best way to do so is through patience and constant practice. If total immersion in the language is not possible, the best way is to form a strategy when approaching a language learning task. Whenever possible, the target language must be used so that the mind gets used to the language and begins to form a schema about it. References Alyousef, H. (2005). Teaching Reading Comprehension to ESL/EFL teachers. The Reading Matrix. Vol. 5, No. 2. Crystal, D. (1987). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language.   Cambridge University Press. Cambridge. Lu, Mei-Yu. (1998). Language Learning in Social and Cultural Contexts. ERIC Digest.    How to cite Learning a Second Language, Essay examples

Manipulative Advertising Essay Example For Students

Manipulative Advertising Essay Business EthicsMay 4, 1999Final ExamManipulative AdvertisingAccording to Tom L. Beauchamp, manipulative advertising limits free and informed action (472). It is sort of like convincing customers to purchase something, but it is based on incorrect or inconclusive information. Advertisers use attractive rates, enticing images, and a variety of forms of suggestion to hinder or block reasoned choice (479). One example is phony discounting where retailers present fake percentage markdown from suggested retail prices that are imaginary or artificially inflated (472). The customers are mislead into thinking they are actually receiving a bargain. Use advertisements to manipulate people is sinister because normal peoples freedom to choose freely is taken away. The important thing to remember is that it is not what was said and or done by the advertiser, but how a person (people) respond to what is trying to influence them. It is somewhat like lying, but it is the truth stretched out so far th at it never seems to reach a lie. Some advertisers do lie and are held accountable in the sense that their business suffers because of it, but for the most part manipulative advertising is very common and well practiced especially in the United States. A very sad point concerning manipulative advertising is that advertisers, advertise to everyone including those very vulnerable people. Children as well as those with a weak state of mind, such as the mentally ill and many others in addition to normal people fall into the cunning face of manipulative advertising every day. It is understood that the more profitable a business is the longer they will be in business. It is a shame that most business use advertisements to falsely lure customers to their products or to their businesses in order for them to purchase their product and, or service. Although some companies give their customers a warranty, others do not and the companies do not have to replace the product every time something goes wrong with it if it is stated in the agreement. Manipulative advertising can have very detrimental affects. Such ways that this type of advertising can be detrimental is by labeling and or misusing words such as cholesterol free, fat free, fresh and low sugar. The health risks that people can put themselves in by using falsely advertised labels can be fatal. Today, in the food industry there are hundreds of thousands of competitors. To remain competitive, companies realize that their are increasing number of illnesses and deaths due to poor eating habits. The food companies try to target these people that are watching their diet (usually a large percentage of the population) and tries to attract them with words such as fat free and sugar free. With stricter regulations being passed by the Food ; Drug Administration (FDA), companies have to be more careful in what they put in their foods (chemicals, additives, ingredients) and how they label them. A company can put fat free on a cookie and be completely honest about it, but customers dont realize that it is probably high in something unless, like sugar -unless it is a rice cake. Foods that have subtracted the one unhealthy point (fat), usually add something else that may not be better than what was originally in it (sugar). If sugar is replacing the fat, it doesnt make much of a difference because sugar will simply turn into fat if it is not used immediately. So, in the end, fat free doesnt necessarily mean that a person will get no fat from this food, it just means that it wont go in their mouth as fat, but it will be converted to fat later on if they dont expend the energy. Another negative impact that manipulative advertising can have is bringing people into debt. Some p eople buy things without asking all the right questions. For example, I had a credit card offer with a 4% APR rate on purchases, transfers, etc but it was only for the first 3 months, after 3 months it was going up to 21%. If I had not asked the right questions or read the fine, extremely small print on my booklet I would have never known. Some people dont speak English, some people cant read and some dont even know what questions to ask. They then fall into the trap of being manipulated by advertisements like these, showing low rates but raising them in a short period. The advertising industry could and should change its techniques for manipulative advertising. If a company is trying to sell a product no one wants, they should not make the product and, or make the service look attractive when it is just a not true. This is seduction and falsifying information. I believe in advertising to let consumers know what products are out there, but to give them a true sense of what the produ ct is all about and what the product may be able to do for them. To convince people to buy a product or service which they dont need, cant afford, or the full product information was withheld should be illegal. All of the benefits and the drawbacks of a product or service should be readily available (which sometimes is), but should also be made aware to the person with the purchasing power.